一本关于扬声器的巨作
Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook
王以真
有人曾问，怎么没有看到大部头的英文扬声器著作？不是没有，是大家没看到，更遗憾地是没有翻译成中文出版。这本书就是《Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook》（扬声器和耳机手册）。由John Borwick主编，由伦敦Butterworths出版公司于1988年出版。全书14章573页。此书同时在伦敦、波士顿、新加坡、悉尼、多伦多、惠灵顿发行。
我大约是上世纪九十年代看到这本书，在电子部三所资料室有这本书。马上复印过来。看到过这本书的国内电声专家，都认为有翻译的价值。我粗粗翻看一下，觉得很有特色，与山本武夫的《扬声器系统》有异曲同工之妙。有意将这本书翻译成中文出版。便与4380厂的副总工程师赵克勤商议，两人一拍即合，按章节分工，各自动手翻译。但是过了不久，赵克勤先生却英年早逝。使我陷入极度悲痛之中，赵先生是我在电声界来往密切、相知甚深的朋友之一。我后来写下《劝君更进一杯酒》一文表示我的悼念，翻译一事就此搁浅。
此主题相关图片如下：book2.jpg
这本书由若干作者通力合作而成，先看一下章节。
1、 声辐射原理
由英国索尔福德（Salford）大学的R.D.Ford撰写。
2、 换能器结构
由Stanley Kelly撰写
3、 静电扬声器
由电声顾问Peter.J.Baxandall撰写
4、 多单元扬声器系统
由KEF公司的Laurie Fincham撰写。
5、 扬声器和放大器界面
由Mattin Colloms撰写
6、 扬声器箱
由英国薩里大学（University of Surrey）的Desmond Thackeray撰写。
7 室内声环境
由悉尼大学Glyn Adams撰写。
8、扩声和共公广播
由Peter Mapp撰写。
9、用于监听和电子乐器的扬声器系统
由JBL公司的Mark.R.Gander撰写
10、扬声器测量
由John Borwick撰写
11、主观评价
由加拿大国家研究中心的Floyd E.Toole撰写。
12、耳机
由AKG公司的C.A.Poldy撰写
13、国际标准
由J.M.Woodgate撰写。
14、名词术语
由J.M.Woodgate撰写。
我们看到这本书的作者阵容是可观的、强大的、多面的。它函盖了五个国家（英、美、加拿大、澳大利亚、奥地利），作者群中有大公司（JBL、KEF、AKG），有几所大学。这种作者阵容在世界电声著作史上，不能说绝后，至少是空前的。
扬声器虽是一个小产品，其理论与技术也不过是“雕虫小技”，而本书之组织者、策划者，却举全球之精英、集四方之高手来写这本书。从效率讲这样做是麻烦的、费事的、耗时的，从写作成本是高昂的。可以想像要跨国联系这么多人，联系分工，统一写作风格与规范、交稿审稿，其间电话、邮件联络不断，必要时还可能会唔或会议，既费时又费钱，为什么还要这样做呢？因为你要出版一本高质量的好书，就要由行内高手撰写（有人会讲，写本书不过“东抄西抄”。这论说明他根本不懂写书，夏虫不可语冰。）
这本书由于是延请各方高手撰写，发挥各自所长，因此写得全、写得细、写得深。当然和有的书相比，工艺方面的内容相对少一些。
对于从事扬声器技术人员，在看扬声器类技术书籍时，总希望有新的、未知的内容出现。比如扬声器失真是一个老问题，折环、定心支片非线性是产生失真的原因之一，这也耳熟能详。但这本手册讲述了一个悬置系统的非线性方程式，向深化认识迈出一大步。
如果拿这本书的目录同山本武夫的《扬声器系统》相比，两本书的目录有不少相近和类似之处。但内容和风格却有相当的不同。
山本武夫对常用的锥形扬声器、球顶扬声器、号筒扬声器、音箱…等都讲的相当详细，不少地方并结合工艺予以说明。
而这本《扬声器与耳机手册》，对别的书中已详细讲述的锥形扬声器、球顶扬声器、号筒扬声器、音箱着墨示多，甚至只是点到为止。而对其他同类书籍，讲的比较简约，却并非不重要的内容，却详加讲述。
例如对于静电扬声器，山本武夫讲了简单一节。而这本《扬声与耳机手册》却讲了一章，共88页。详细讲述了静电扬声器的原理、分析论证了静电力及方程式、等效电路、振膜的稳定与平衡、低频最大受力、阻尼的作用、谐波失真和互调失真、静电扬声器的低频、指向特性的优化，近场和远场的指向性、弯曲带状辐射、对振幅的考虑、进一步的设计问题、有关弯曲的概念、地板和天花板的均衡…。这些具体的内容，对那些准备对静电扬声器有进一步了解的人来说，是非常有用的。
对那些准备设计、制造静电扬声器的人们，这本《扬声器与耳机手册》还提供了静电扬声器的实际设计，并以英国静电扬声器Quad（国都）Marke及Quad ESL63为例予以说明。
还有像对耳机，一般的电声类书介绍得很简单。这本《扬声器与耳机手册》对耳机介绍很详细，有一章共78页讲耳机。作者是奥地利AKG公司的技术人员，AKG公司生产耳机和传声器的全球著名公司，讲起耳机来如数家珍一般。别的先不用说，仅此章附录参考文献，即达178篇。
在上世纪八十年代。为生产微型耳机与AKG公司有过一段接触，与AKG一位技术负责人，在北京谈判了几天。深知AKG公司是一个有技术实力的公司。
书中介绍了一种平膜式耳机。
此主题相关图片如下：spk1.jpg
上世纪八十年代未，4380厂也自主设计出这种平膜耳机。4380厂的赵克勤将平膜的实物及图纸拿来给我提意见，我看到以后，受到启发，我对赵说，这种振膜可以用来做一种高频扬声器，咱们可以合作一起搞。赵克勤欣然表示同意。但是赵克勤匆匆离去，这件事也放在一边，我们与两次机遇攃肩而过。
最后我想，如果有需要就有可能、有机会将此书译成中文，在中国出版。
Book Description
ISBN-10: 0240515781 | ISBN-13: 978-0240515786
| Publication Date: April 10, 2001
| Edition: 3
Written by a team of experts, the Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook provides a detailed technical reference of all aspects of loudspeakers and headphones: from theory and construction of transducer drive units and enclosures, to such practical matters as construction, applications in rooms, public address, sound reinforcement, studio monitoring and musical instruments. Loudspeaker measurements and subjective evaluation are treated in equal detail and headphones are discussed comprehensively.
This third edition takes account of recent significant advances in technology, including:
· the latest computer-aided design systems
· digital audio processing
· new research procedures
· the full range of loudspeakers
· new user applications.
An essential reference source for anyone involved in the audio industry
Contains information not easily available from any other source
Covers all aspects of digital signal processing
此主题相关图片如下：book3.jpg
Review
"If you are seriously into speaker design then it is worth getting a copy to have everything you'd need in one place." - Lighting and Sound International
'The third edition continues its authoritative tradition with a lineup of star contributors including Keith Holland, John Watkinson, Philip Newell and is edited by John Borwick. It covers propular practice and technical theory in a variety of contexts including sound studios and sound reinforcement, and is rich in graphs, figures, illlustrations and photographs.'
Studio Sound June 2001
Reviews of previous editions:
'This book brings together in a single volume every aspect of loudspeaker and headphone theory and practice in sufficient depth to equip students and practitioners alike with a solid working knowledge of the subject.'
Lighting and Sound International
'As a single reference work, no engineer or keen enthusiast should be without a copy.'
Hi Fi World
'If you're interested in this subject area, The Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook will give you a lot of fascinating information which is not available anywhere else. It should be a part of your library.'
Sound and Communications
Graham Bank earned a degree in Applied Physics from the University of Bradford
In 1969 and, after a period as a Research Assistant, gained an MSc in 1973. On completing a research programme in 1997, he was awarded a PhD in Electrical Systems Engineering at the University of Essex. He is currently the Director of Research at NXT, researching ?at panel loudspeaker technology for both the consumer and professional markets.
John Borwick graduated from Edinburgh University with a BSc (Physics) degree and, after 4 years as Signal Of?cer in the RAF and 11 years at the BBC as studio manager and instructor, helped to set up and run for 10 years the Tonmeister degree course at the University of Surrey. He was Secretary of the Association of Professional Recording Services for many years and is now an Honorary Member. He is also a Fellow of the AES where he served terms as Chairman (British Section) and Vice President (Europe).
Martin Colloms graduated from the Regent Street Polytechnic in 1971 and is a Chartered Engineer and a Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. He co- founded Monitor Audio in 1973 and is now a freelance writer and audio consultant.
Laurie Fincham received a BSc degree in Electrical Engineering from Bristol University and served a 2-year apprenticeship with Rediffusion before working for Goodmans Loudspeakers and Celestion. In 1968 he joined KEF Electronics as Technical Director where, during his 25-year stay, he pioneered Fast Fourier Transform techniques. He emigrated to California in 1993, ?rst as Senior VP of Engineering at In?nity Systems and since 1997 as Director of Engineering for the THX Division of Lucas?lm Ltd. He is a Fellow of the AES and active on IEC standards groups, while retaining a keen interest in music, playing acoustic bass with a jazz group.
Mark R. Gander, BS, MSEE; Fellow AES; Member ASA, IEEE, SMPTE, has been with JBL since 1976 holding positions as Transducer Engineer, Applications Engineer, Product Manager, Vice-President Marketing and Vice-President Engineering, and is currently Vice-President Strategic Development for JBL Professional. Many of his papers have been published in the AES Journal. He has served as a Governor of the Society and edited Volumes 3 and 4 of the AES Anthology Loudspeakers.
Keith Holland is a lecturer at the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, where he was awarded a PhD for a thesis on horn loud- speakers. Dr Holland is currently involved in research into many aspects of noise control and audio.
Peter Mapp holds degrees in Applied Physics and Acoustics and has a particular interest in speech intelligibility measurement and prediction. He has been a visiting lecturer at Salford University since 1996 and is Principal of Peter Mapp Associates,
where he has been responsible for the design of over 380 sound systems, both in the UK and internationally.
Philip Newell has 30 years’ experience in the recording industry, having been involved in the design of over 200 studios including the Manor and Townhouse Studios. He was Technical and Special Projects Director of the Virgin Records recording division and designed the world’s ?rst purpose-built 24-track mobile recording vehicle. He is a member of both the Institute of Acoustics (UK) and the Audio Engineering Society.
Sean Olive is Manager of Subjective Evaluation for Harman International where he oversees all listening tests and psychoacoustic research on Harman products. He has a Master’s Degree in Sound Recording from McGill University and is a Fellow and past Governor of the Audio Engineering Society.
Carl Poldy graduated with a BSc degree in physics from the University of Nottingham and gained a PhD in solid state physics from the University of Durham. After ?ve years at the Technical University of Vienna, lecturing and researching into the magnetism of rare earth intermetallic alloys, he spent 15 years with AKG Acoustics, Vienna before joining PSS Philips Speaker Systems in 1993.
Floyd E. Toole studied electrical engineering at the University of New Brunswick, and at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London where he received a PhD. He spent 25 years at Canada’s National Research Council, investigating the psychoacoustics of loudspeakers and rooms. He has received two Audio Engineering Society Publications Awards, an AES Fellowship and the AES Silver Medal. He is a Member of the ASA and a past President of the AES. Since 1991 he has been Corporate Vice-President Acoustical Engineering for Harman International.
John Watkinson is a fellow of the AES and holds a Masters degree in Sound and Vibration. He is a consultant and has written twenty textbooks.
John Woodgate is an electronics consultant based in Essex, specializing in standards and how to comply with them, particularly in the ?eld of audio.
Julian Wright is Head of Research at Celestion International Limited and Director of Information Technology at Wordwright Associates Limited. He received a BSc degree in Electroacoustics in 1984 and an MSc in Applied Acoustics in 1992 from Salford University, and is a fellow of the Institute of Acoustics. Currently his main professional interests are in Finite Element Modelling and software design. In his leisure time he is an active musician and genealogist.
[此贴子已经被作者于2011-11-10 10:28:41编辑过]
